Nekuenderera mberi kwekudzika kwekusimudzira uye kunyorera kutsvagisa kwema surfactants, yayo yekushandisa renji iri kuwedzerawo. Parizvino, vanoshanda muma surfactants vava iwo akakosha ezvishandiso, uye zvakare vane akawanda akakosha mashandisirwo muzvizoro, senge emulsifying, kuparadzira, solubilizing, kupupa furo uye kuchenesa muzvizoro.

1) Emulsification

Izvo zvinoitika zveyunifomu emulsifying isina-mvura-inogadziriswa zvinhu mumvura kugadzira emulsion inonzi emulsification. Emulsifiers anonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira mafuta uye mafuta muzvizoro. Iyo yakajairika powdery kirimu uye isina kwazvakaregedza kirimu zvese zviri 0 / W mhando emulsions, iyo inogona kusimbiswa ne anionic emulsifier fatty acid sipo (sipo). Izvo zviri nyore kugadzirira emulsions ine mashoma mafuta ne sipo emulsification, uye iyo gelling mhedzisiro yesipo inogona kuve Iite iine yakakura viscosity. Kune mafuta anotonhora ane yakawanda mafuta, iwo emulsions anonyanya w / O mhando, uye yakasikwa lanolin ine hukuru hwemvura yekumwa uye yakakwira viscosity inogona kushandiswa kune emulsification. Parizvino, inonyanya kushandiswa isiri-ionic emulsifier ndeyekuti iyo isiri-ionic emulsifier yakachengeteka uye ine yakaderera kutsamwa. Iyo inozivikanwa sarbitan fatty acid ester (Span) uye yayo ethylene oxide adduct (Pakati) yakanaka inoumbwa isiri-ionic emulsifiers. Span ndeye lipophilic uye Tween iri hydrophilic, uye iwo maviri akasanganiswa. Inoshandiswa muO / W emulsions, inogona kuumba emulsions ine kugadzikana kwakanaka uye yakakwirira ganda kuwirirana.

2) Solubilization

Iyo yekuwedzera yekuwedzera kusungunuka kwezvinhu zvishoma kusungunuka kana kusasanganiswa zvinhu inonzi solubilization. Kana iyo surfactant ikawedzerwa kumvura, kumisidzana kwepamusoro pemvura kunodonha zvakanyanya pakutanga, uyezve ma michelle emakemikari anoshanda anogadzirwa. Iko kusangana kweanoshanda anoshanda kugadzira micelles kunodaidzwa kunetseka kweiyo micelle kusangana. Kana kusangana kwemunhu anoshanda akasvika kune yakakosha micelle kusungwa, iyo micelle inogona kupinza mafuta kana zvidimbu zvine simba kune mumwe mugumo weiyo lipophilic base, nokudaro ichiwedzera kugadzikana kwechinhu chinyungudika kana chisinganyungudike.

Solubilizers muzvizoro anonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira lotions, hair tonic, uye hair tonic. Surfactants anoshandiswa se solubilizers anofanirwa kuve neakawandisa hydrophilicity, HLB> 15, senge polyoxyethylene yakaoma simbi yemafuta, polyoxyethylene castor mafuta, mafuta ane doro polyoxyethylene ether, mafuta doro polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene Ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester uye polyglycerin fatty.

Mafuta oiri muzvizoro, zvakaita semafuta anonhuwirira, maoiri, uye mavhitamini akasanganiswa nemafuta, ane mafomati akasarudzika nekuda kwekusiyana kwechimiro uye polarity. Naizvozvo, vanokodzera vanoshanda muma surfactants vanofanirwa kusarudzwa se solubilizers. Semuenzaniso, izvo zvinhu zve solubilization zve lotion zvinonhuhwirira, maoiri nemishonga, nezvimwewo, saka alkyl polyoxyethylene ethers inogona kushandiswa mukugadzirisa. Kunyangwe alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers (OP mhando, TX mhando) ine yakasimba solubilizing kugona, izvo zvinogumbura kumeso uye hazviwanzo kushandiswa. Pamusoro pezvo, castor oiri-yakavakirwa amphoteric zvigadzirwa zvine yakanyanya kugadzikana mumafuta ekuzora nemafuta emiriwo, uye vakadaro vanofambisa havasi anogumbura kumeso uye akakodzera kugadzirirwa kweasina kutsamwisa shampoos uye zvimwe zvipoda.

3) Kupararira

Izvo zvinoitika umo mvura-isingapindiki zvinhu zvinoumba zvidimbu mune imwe yuniti yakapararira mamiriro mumvura inonzi kupararira. Iyo yekupararira sisitimu yezvizoro inosanganisira zvikamu zvitatu: hupfu, solvent uye inopararira. Upfu hunogona kukamurwa mumhando mbiri: inorganic pigments (senge talc, mica, titanium dioxide, kabhoni nhema, nezvimwewo) uye organic pigments (senge phthalocyanine bhuruu, nezvimwewo), kunyanya kugadzira zvipoda zvine toni yakanaka, inogona kufukidza rwemberi ruvara, uye shandisa zvakanaka Solvents akapatsanurwa kuita mhando mbiri: mvura-yakavakirwa uye isina-aqueous. Vanoparadzira vanoshandiswa senhepfenyuro ndeye hydrophilic (inoshanda kumasystem emvura) uye lipophilic (inoshanda kune asiri-aqueous masystem). Naizvozvo, iyo system ine akawanda musanganiswa.

Mafashita mazhinji anoshandiswa mumashambadziro ese emulsifiers uye anoparadzira, senge ane mafuta doro polyoxyethylene ethers, sorbitan fatty acid esters, mafuta ane mafuta polyoxyethylene ether phosphates, alkyl ether carboxylates uye alkyl ether. Sulfonates, nezvimwewo, iwo ese ane akanaka anoparadzira zvivakwa. Kuti hupfu hwunyatsozara mumvura, mvura yacho inofanira kukwanisa kunyorovesa pamusoro peupfu zvakanaka. Naizvozvo, kana uchisarudza munhu anoshanda nesimba, tanga wafunga HLB yehupfu uye yekupararira svikiro. Kazhinji, kana uchishandisa lipophilic powders mumvura-yakavakirwa masystem, hydrophilic surfactants inofanira kushandiswa zvakanyanya.

4) Kuchenesa maitiro

Zvigadzirwa zvemunhu zvinoshandiswa pakuchenesa zvinonyanya kusanganisira shampoo, geji yekugezesa uye yekuchenesa kumeso. Kunze kwekuchenesa, kupupa furo uye kuita kuti unyorove mabasa, chikuru chinotariswa parizvino unyoro kune ganda. Izvi zvinoda kuti mutambi anoshanda asingakanganisi masero epidermal, haakanganisi protein yeganda, uye haapinde kana kupinda mukati meganda. Kuchengeta mafuta eganda uye ganda pacharo riri muchimiro chakajairwa.

Anionic surfactants ane nhoroondo refu yekuchenesa. Iko kushaiwa kwesipo hakuenzaniswi nemamwe ma detergent. Sodium lauryl sulphate chinhu chinowanzo shandiswa mbishi mukuchenesa zvipoda, zvinogona kuita kuti ganda riwane yakanaka yekuchenesa maitiro. Amphoteric surfactants, imidazoline, cocamidopropyl betaine uye amino acids zvese zvinyoro-nyoro zvekushambadzira, uye zvinhu zvakakosha pakugadzirira kwemhando yepamusoro yekuchenesa kumeso zvigadzirwa, vhudzi rekuchengetedza shampoos uye vana shampoo.

5) Yakapfava uye antistatic mhedzisiro

Cationic vanoshanda ndiwo makuru ekugadzirisa mune bvudzi zvinogadzirisa zvigadzirwa senge ma conditioner uye ma conditioner. Ivo vane hunyoro hwakanaka uye antistatic kugona uye vanoita rakasarudzika basa mune vhudzi softening ma conditioner. Inonyanya kushandiswacationic vanoshanda vari monoalkyl uye dialkyl quaternary ammonium munyu, kureva C16-18 monoalkyl ammonium munyu, zvakapetwa C16-18 alkyl quaternary ammonium munyu uye alkylbenzyl quaternary ammonium munyu. Asymmetric kureba,octyl dimethyl quaternary ammonium munyu uye 3-cetyl methyl ammonium munyu, aya quaternary ammonium munyu ane mhedzisiro pane yakaoma kuomesa, kuzadza nyoro uye kudzikisira bvudzi. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, chinonyanya kubata maziso ndeye quaternary ammonium munyu wakatorwa kubva kune lanolin fatty acid. Izvo hazvigumbure uye zvine kuchengetedza kwemvura uye kunyorova zvimiro zve lanolin uye hunhu hwecationic vanoshanda, iyo inogona kupa bvudzi nyoro uye yakasarudzika yekubata senge unyoro.

6) Wetting uye kupinda

Sezvizoro, havafanirwe kungova nerunako chete, asi zvakare vanzwe kugadzikana uye zvakapfava kana zvichishandiswa. Izvi hazvipatsanurike kubva pakunyorovesa kwema surfactants. Panyaya iyi, biosurfactants vakawana mibairo inoshamisa. Sechinhu chakakosha chemasero ehupenyu, phospholipids inoita basa rakakosha musero metabolism uye sero membrane kupenya murau, uye iine hunyoro chengetedzo uye kukwana kune ganda remunhu. Sophorolipid biosurfactants ane hukama hwakasarudzika hweganda, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti ganda rinyoro uye rakanyorova. Uchishandisa biochemical synthesis uye dzimwe nzira kugadzirira zvinoenderana nemakemikari anoshanda zvinhu uye vhitamini zvigadzirwa, enzyme kugadzirira, maseru ekukura zvinhu (EGF, DFGF), collagen, elastin, ceramide uye hyaluronic acid, nezvimwewo, zvinhu izvi zvinogona kushandiswa muzvizoro. Inopinda mukati meganda, inobata mumetabolism yemasero eganda uye matukisi, inoshandura chimiro cheganda zvinyama, nezvimwewo, kuitira kuti uwane mhedzisiro yekurwisa-kuunyana, kupokana nekukwegura uye kuchena.